Systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases
All petrol models are capable to use Unleaded gasoline and also have other features of fuel system reducing harmful emissions. All models are equipped by systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases, described more low, catalytic the converter and system of catching of steams of fuel. On engines K7M 703 and F7R the system recycling the fulfilled gases is established.
All diesel models also are developed taking into account strict requirements on harmful emissions and equipped by ventilation system картера. In addition to it, on some models can be established каталитический the converter to reduce the maintenance of harmful emissions in the fulfilled gases. For additional reduction of harmful emissions there is a system recycling the fulfilled gases.
Systems of decrease in toxicity function as follows.
PETROL MODELS
Ventilation system картера
Ventilation system картера - engine E7J
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1 — the Entrance channel of the air filter
2 — a Hose connecting клапанную a cover with the air filter
3 — the Big terminator
4 — the Small terminator |
5 — a Hose connecting клапанную a cover with the inlet pipeline
6 — the T-shaped connector
7 — the Entrance aperture of the inlet pipeline
8 — To a coal adsorber |
Ventilation system картера - engine K7M
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1 — the Head of the block of cylinders
2 — the Inlet pipeline
3 — a ventilation Hose картера to an air line
4 — a Hose connecting клапанную a cover with the inlet pipeline |
5 — the Hose of the valve of a coal adsorber
6 — the T-shaped connector
7 — a ventilation Hose in the inlet pipeline
8 — the Air line
9 — the Terminator in diameter of 5 mm |
Ventilation system картера - engine F3R
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1 — the Inlet pipeline
2 — the throttle Case
3 — a ventilation Hose картера to the throttle case |
4 — the Oil separator
5 — a ventilation Hose картера to an oil separator |
Ventilation system картера - engine F7R
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1 — the Head of the block of cylinders
2 — a ventilation Hose картера to the throttle case |
3 — the throttle Case |
To reduce emissions of not burnt hydrocarbons from картера in atmosphere, the engine is tight and картерные oil steams are delayed from an internal part картера through an oil separator with a wire grid in an inlet air line, and further are burnt by the engine during normal combustion (address to illustrations).
At high depression in the pipeline (idling, delay) gases will be exhausted from картера. At low depression in the pipeline (the acceleration, full gas) gases are squeezed out from картера rather more by a high pressure in картере the engine; if the engine is worn out, the elevated pressure in картере the engine (because of the increased break of gas) is at the bottom of return of a part of a stream at all conditions of the pipeline.
Ventilation hoses картера and terminators are necessary for clearing periodically to provide correct functioning of system.
Tracing of toxicity of the fulfilled gases
To reduce quantity загрязнителей which get to the atmosphere, all models are equipped catalytic by the converter in final system. The system has type of the closed loop in which the Ljambda-gauge in final system provides ECU systems of injection of fuel/system of ignition with a constant feedback, allowing an electronic control mean to regulate a mix, providing the best possible conditions for catalyst work.
The ljambda-gauge has the built in heating element, which copes ECU through relay Ljambda-datchka quickly to lead a tip of the gauge to effective working temperature. The gauge tip is sensitive to oxygen and sends ECU the pressure changing depending on quantity of oxygen in fulfilled gases; if the entrance toplivno-air mix too rich, in the fulfilled gases the low maintenance of oxygen, the gauge sends a low-voltage signal, pressure raises, impoverishing a mix and increasing quantity of oxygen in the fulfilled gases. Peak efficiency of the catalyst on neutralisation of all cores загрязнителей occurs under a condition when the toplivno-air mix is supported in chemically correct relation for full combustion of gasoline (14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel). Target pressure of the gauge in this point changes in the big range, ECU uses change pressure as a signal to correction of a parity of a toplivno-air mix, changing width of an impulse of injection of fuel.
Management рециркуляцией fuel steams
System of catching of steams of fuel - engine E7J
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1 — the throttle Case
2 — the clearing Valve
3 — the Adsorber with the activated coal |
And — the Ventilating hose from a fuel tank
In — Sapun
With — Vacuum for throttle заслонкой |
System of catching of steams of fuel - engine K7M
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1 — the Inlet pipeline
2 — the Adsorber with the activated coal
3 — the clearing Valve
4 — the Pipe recycling
5 — a ventilation Pipe картера |
6 — the T-shaped connector of pipes recycling pair
And ventilation картера
7 — a ventilation Pipe картера
R — the Pipe from a fuel tank
МА — Sapun |
System of catching of steams of fuel - engine F3R (F7R similar)
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1 — the Inlet pipeline
2 — the Adsorber with the activated coal
3 — the clearing Valve |
4 — the Pipe recycling
R — the Pipe from a fuel tank
МА — Sapun |
To reduce leak in atmosphere of not burnt hydrocarbons, on all models the system of catching of steams of fuel (address to illustrations) also is established. The cover of a jellied mouth of a fuel tank is tight, and the coal adsorber is established on the forward right party of an impellent compartment. In a coal adsorber steams formed in a tank when the car is parked gather, and remain there until will be removed (under control of ECU systems of ignition and fuel injection) through the clearing valve in an inlet air line, and further they are burnt by the engine during normal combustion.
To guarantee correct work of the engine when it cold and-or in an idling mode, and to protect каталитический the converter from influence of the reenriched mix, the regulating valve of clearing does not open until the engine will not be heated-up under loading, the valve then opens, allowing steam to pass in an inlet path.
System recycling the fulfilled gases (EGR)
System recycling the fulfilled gases - engine K7M 703
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1 — the Head of the block of cylinders
2 — the Electromagnetic valve recycling the fulfilled gases
3 — Fastening |
4 — the Vacuum tank
5 — the filter Block
6 — the Inlet pipeline
7 — the Final collector |
System recycling the fulfilled gases - engine F7R
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1 — the Head of the block of cylinders
2 — the Electromagnetic valve recycling
3 — Consolidation
4 — Skoba
5 — the filter Block
6 — the Inlet pipeline |
7 — the Final collector
And — the Pipe from a final collector to the valve recycling the fulfilled gases
In — the Pipe from the valve recycling the fulfilled gases to the inlet pipeline |
This system is established on engines K7M and F7R and intended for quantity reduction oxide nitrogen in the fulfilled gases, lowering combustion temperatures (address to illustrations). It is reached by giving of a quantity of the fulfilled gases from inlet channels in a head of the block of cylinders back in the inlet pipeline, and they are again burnt. The valve recycling the fulfilled gases (EGR) is on the left wall of a head of the block of cylinders on engine K7M; and on a forward part of the engine, near to the throttle case, on engines F7R.
DIESEL MODELS
Ventilation system картера
Typical system of ventilation картера - models F8Q 620
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1 — the Inlet pipeline
2 — the Hose to the inlet pipeline |
3 — the Oil separator
4 — the Returnable tube to the pallet |
Typical system of ventilation картера - models F8Q with turbocharger
To reduce emissions of not burnt hydrocarbons from картера in atmosphere, the engine is tight and картерные gases and oil steams are delayed from an internal part картера through an oil separator with a wire grid in the inlet channel, and further are burnt by the engine during normal combustion (address to illustrations).
System hoses should not be littered, as the minimum depression in the inlet pipeline remains to constants on all operational modes of the engine.
Tracing of toxicity of the fulfilled gases
To reduce quantity загрязнителей, thrown out in atmosphere, in final system it is established uncontrollable каталитический the converter. The Katalitichesky converter works in final system independently, and in it there is no Ljambda-gauge, as in petrol models.
SYSTEM RETSIRKULJATSII OF THE FULFILLED GASES (EGR)
System recycling the fulfilled gases - engine F8Q
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1 — the Inlet pipeline
2 — the Final collector
3 — the Valve recycling the fulfilled gases
4 — the Air filter
5 — the Electromagnetic channel recycling the fulfilled gases |
6 — the Microswitch of the fuel pump
7 — the Vacuum pump
8 — the loading Lever on the fuel pump
9 — the Vacuum amplifier of a brake |
System recycling the fulfilled gases (EGR)
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1 — Valve EGR
2 — the Thermovalve
3 — the Vacuum activator of turns of fast idling |
4 — Vacuum between the vacuum pump and the amplifier of brakes
5 — Э/м the valve of turns of quickly th idling
6 — Э/м valve EGR |
This system returns a small amount of the fulfilled gases in an inlet air line, and further it is involved in combustion process (address to an accompanying illustration), level окисей nitrogen in the fulfilled gas which is thrown out in atmosphere as a result decreases.
The volume of the circulating fulfilled gases copes the vacuum received from the vacuum pump of the amplifier of a brake, through the electromagnetic block operated system of preheat. The vacuum-operated valve is established on a final collector.
On engine F8Q 620, the electromagnetic valve copes the micro-switch (which also it is used for switching-off of function of preheat), established on the fuel pump (address to the Head an engine Electric equipment). A food on a valve winding moves through the thermoswitch which has been built in in the gauge of temperature of the cooling liquid.
On engines F8Q with turbocharger, the electromagnetic valve copes the electronic module of management which also regulates the moment of injection and turns of fast idling. On engine F9Q the electromagnetic valve copes a control system of the engine.
The thermovalve in a vacuum submitting hose, or a signal of management from ECU, stops vacuum giving until the engine will not get warm to normal working temperature.
On engines F8Q with turbocharger, action of the electromagnetic valve depends on following parametres: air temperature, temperature of a cooling liquid, height, accelerator position, acceleration of the car and engine turns. Food giving on the valve stops in following cases: air temperature - more low 10°С, temperature of a cooling liquid - more low 40°С, engine turns - more than 3000 rpm. Food giving on the electromagnetic valve stops in 35 seconds of work of the engine in an idling mode (at zero speed of the car). As soon as speed will be exceeded by 40 km/hour, system recycling the fulfilled gases starts to work again.
On engines F9Q, the system copes directly a control system of the engine.
THE KATALITICHESKY CONVERTER
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